In the future, advances in treatment techniques,philosophies, and materials almost certainly will be made, just as in the past several decades, technological and scientific advances have dramatically affected the need for, demand for, and delivery of restorative services.
These past (and future) developments illustrate the dynamics of operative dentistry, a constantly changing and advancing discipline. The development of the high-speed handpiece played a dramatic role in the more conservative and efficient removal of tooth structure for restorative procedures. The use of high-speed instrumentation, along with the acknowledged benefits of water coolants, also led to the concept of four-handed dentistry.
Major changes in operatory equipment design followed, resulting in a more comfortable, efficient, and productive setting for the delivery of dental care.
The mechanical bonding of restorations to tooth structure by etching enamel and dentin and the use of bonding systems has led to the development of many new composite restorative materials, as well as conservative restorative bonding techniques. Studies on filler composition and polymerization methodology for composite materials have resulted in both increased esthetic qualities and resistance to wear. Similarly, the benefits of sealants are becoming more widely accepted for the prevention of pit-and-fissure caries.
Increased knowledge about the carious process and the beneficial effects of multiple fluoride application has resulted in a decrease in caries incidence. Likewise, the increasing professional emphasis on caries prevention is as important as the recent technologic and scientific advancements.
The recognition that most dental disease is preventable has resulted in better patient self-care and more conservative efforts by dentists in treatment. Increased research on biomaterials has led to the introduction of vastly improved dental materials. Developments in impression materials and gold foil and advancements in knowledge about liners and sealers are also factors that have resulted in better care and treatment for patients.
Advances in metallurgy have resulted in a variety of improved alloys that are either already available or are being developed. Corrosion-resistant amalgam alloys have been developed that will enhance the oral health of the population by providing longerlasting restorations.